Hair colour

Melanin levels (only two of those can be on "high" at once, one from the father and one from the mother):

• Black Eumelanin (white to black)
• Brown Eumelanin (white to yellowish brown)
• Pheomelanin (white to red) - MC1R gene, alleles Arg151Cys, Arg160Trp, Asp294His, Arg142His - also inhibit melanin production in skin, resulting in a paler skin.

Typical combinations:

• Black Eumelanin only -> Black
• Brown Eumelanin only -> Brown
• Pheomelanin only -> Red
• Black Eumelanin & Brown Eumelanin -> Dark Brown
• Black Eumelanin & Pheomelanin -> Chestnut Brown
• Brown Eumelanin & Pheomelanin -> Auburn
• low amount of all -> Blonde
• negligable amount of all -> White

Common MC1R (melanocortin 1 receptor) gene (chromosome 16q24.3) variants:

• Arg151Cys (rs1805007) - red
• Arg160Trp (rs1805008) - red
• Asp294His (rs1805009) - red
• Arg142His (rs11547464) - red
• Val60Leu (rs1805005) - blonde
• Val92Met (rs2228479) - red
• Arg163Gln (rs885479) - blonde
• His260Pro
• Asp84Glu (rs1805006)
• 537insC
• IIe155Thr (rs1110400)
• rs8045560
• rs3212346
• Y152OCH
• N29insA - red

Uncommon variants:

• Arg307Gly - Neanderthal variant

OCA2 gene variants:

• rs1800407 - red
• rs1800401
• rs16950821
• rs7174027
• rs4778138 - brown
• rs4778241
• rs7495174

ASIP (agouti signaling protein) gene variants:

• rs1015362 - blonde-red
• rs6058017
• rs2378249

HERC2 (hect domain and RLD 2) gene variants:

• rs12913832 - black
• rs7183877
• rs11635884
• rs916977 - red
• rs8039195 - red

SLC45A2 gene variants:

• rs16891982 - black
• rs28777 - black
• rs26722 - black

IRF4 gene variants:

• rs12203592 - black
• rs9378805

EXOC2 gene variants:

• rs4959270 - black

TYRP1 gene variants:

• rs1408799
• rs2733832
• rs683

TPCN2 gene variants:

• rs35264875
• rs3829241
• rs2305498
• rs1011176

TYR gene variants:

• rs1042602
• rs1393350 - brown

KITLG gene variants:

• rs12821256

SLC24A4 gene variants:

• rs12896399
• rs4904868 - blonde
• rs2402130 - dark blonde